Forests – Our Lifeline | Science 7th | Chapter 17 |

Science – Jammu and Kashmir | jandkncert | Class 7th |

Chapter 17: Forests – Our Lifeline

Q1. Explain how animals dwelling in the forest helps it grow and regenerate.

Ans. The animals in forests are of various types. These could be herbivores, carnivores, micro-organisms, etc. These play an important role in maintaining the food chains.

(i) Micro-organisms convert the dead plants and animals to humus. This humus helps in returning the nutrients back to the soil. These are absorbed by plants.

(ii) The animals also help in dispersing the seeds of certain plants.

(iii) The decaying animal dung provides nutrients to various types of seedlings to grow.

All these activities of animals dwelling in the forest help it to grow and regenerate.

Q2. Explain how forests prevent floods.

Ans. Forest acts as a natural absorber of water. It allows rainwater to seep through. In the absence of trees, the rainwater would hit the ground directly resulting in a flood. However, because of the presence of trees, rainwater does not hit the ground directly. It rather hits the ground slowly. Hence, before flooding, all the rainwater seeps through the ground. In this way, forests prevent floods.

Q3. What are decomposers? Name any two of them. What do they do in the forest?

Ans. Decomposers are micro-organisms that convert the dead plants and animals to humus. Bacteria and fungi are the two types of decomposers. They

help in the process of recycling of nutrients by decomposing various dead organisms such as plants and animals to form humus.

Q4. Explain the role of forest in maintaining the balance between oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Ans. Forests are called the green lungs. This is because plants in forests release oxygen through the process of photosynthesis and help in providing oxygen to animals for respiration. Plants consume carbon dioxide released by the animals. In this way, plants help in maintaining a balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Q5. Explain why there is no waste in a forest.

Ans. There is no waste in a forest because micro-organisms act on the wastes and convert them to humus. This humus ensures that the nutrients are returned back to the soil.

Q6. List five products we get from forests.

Ans. We get wooden items like plywood, fuelwood, boxes, paper, matchsticks, and furniture form forests. In addition, gum, oils, spices, fodder for animals, and medicines are also obtained from forests.

Q7. Fill in the blank:

(a) The insects, butterflies, honeybees, and birds help flowering plants in _______.

(b) A forest is a purifier of _______ and ________.

(c) Herbs form the ________ layer in the forest.

(d) The decaying leaves and animal droppings in a forest enrich the _______.

Ans.

(a) The insects, butterflies, honeybees, and birds help flowering plants in pollination.

(b) A forest is a purifier of air and water.

(c) Herbs form the lowest layer in the forest.

(d) The decaying leaves and animal droppings in a forest enrich the soil.

Q8. Why should we worry about the conditions and issues related to forests far from us?

Ans. There are various reasons for which we should be vigilant about matters related to forests.

(i) A decrease in forest area would lead to an increase in carbon dioxide in the air. This will lead to an increase in the earth’s temperature.

(ii) Soil erosion would occur if there are no forests.

(iii) Floods would be more frequent in the absence of forests.

(iv) Forests provide shelter and food to animals. When forests are adversely affected, the habitats of wild animals are also adversely affected.

Therefore, we need to conserve our forests.

Q9. Explain why there is a need for a variety of animals and plants in a forest.

Ans. A greater variety of plants and animals in the forests helps it to regenerate and grow. A greater variety of plants means more food and habitat for the herbivores. An increase in herbivores means more food for carnivores. Decomposers help to maintain the supply of nutrients to the soil and to the growing plants. This wide variety makes a forest a dynamic living entity.

Q10. In the figure, the artist has forgotten to put the labels and directions on the arrows. Mark the directions on the arrows and label the diagram using the following labels:

clouds, rain, atmosphere, carbon dioxide, oxygen, plants, animals, soil, roots, water table

 

Ans:

Q11. Which of the following is not a forest product?

(i) Gum               (ii) Plywood 

(iii) Sealing wax (iv) Kerosene

Ans. (iv) Kerosene

Q12. Which of the following statements is not correct?

(i) Forests protect the soil from erosion.

(ii) Plants and animals in a forest are not dependent on one another.

(iii) Forests influence the climate and water cycle.

(iv) Soil helps forests to grow and regenerate.

Ans. (ii) Plants and animals in a forest are not dependent on one another.

Q13. Micro-organisms act upon the dead plants to produce 

(i) sand                (ii) mushrooms 

(iii) humus           (iv) wood

Ans. (iii) humus

Q14. Write the correct answer:

(1). Micro-organism which coverts dead plants, animals into humus are known as:

Ans. (a) Decomposers

(2). Which of the following is not a forest product?

Ans. (d) gasoline

(3). Deforestation results in

Ans. (b) global warming

(4). A food chain includes:

Ans. (d) Producers, herbivores, and carnivores

Additional Questions:

Q. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate Answers:

(a) People obtain groundwater through _______ and ________.

(b) Three forms of water are ________, ________ and ________.

(c) The water-bearing layer of the earth is ________.

(d) The process of water seepage into the ground is called ________.

Ans.

(a) People obtain groundwater through tube wells and hand pumps.

(b) Three forms of water are ice, water, and vapour.

(c) The water-bearing layer of the earth is an aquifer.

(d) The process of water seepage into the ground is called infiltration.