Reproduction in Animals | Science 8th | Chapter 4

Science: Jammu and Kashmir | jandkncert |

Reproduction in Animals | Science 8th | Chapter 4 |

Chapter 4: Reproduction in Animals | Science | Class 8th |

EXERCISES

Q1. Explain the importance of reproduction in organisms.

Ans. Reproduction is very important in organisms as it ensures the continuation of similar kinds of individuals, generation after generation.

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Q2. Describe the process of fertilization in human beings.

Ans. The fusion of the egg and the sperm inside the female body of a human being is known as fertilization. The fusion of the nuclei of these gametes results in the formation of a zygote with nuclei.

Q3. Choose the most appropriate answer:

(a) Internal fertilization occurs

(i) in the female body.

(ii) outside the female body.

(iii) in the male body.

(iv) outside the male body.

Ans. (i) In the female body

(b) A tadpole develops into an adult frog by the process of

(i) fertilization. (ii) metamorphosis. (iii) embedding. (iv) budding.

Ans. (ii) Metamorphosis

(c) The number of nuclei present in a zygote is

(i) none. (ii) one. (iii) two. (iv) four.

Ans. (ii) One

Q4. Indicate whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F):

(a) Oviparous animals give birth to young ones. ( )

Ans. False

(b) Each sperm is a single cell. ( )

Ans. True

(c) External fertilization takes place in the frog. ( )

Ans. True

(d) A new human individual develops from a cell called gamete. ( )

Ans. False

(e) Egg laid after fertilization is made up of a single cell. ( )

Ans. True

(f) Amoeba reproduces by budding. ( )

Ans. False

(g) Fertilization is necessary even in asexual reproduction. ( )

Ans. False

(h) Binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction. ( )

Ans. True

(i) A zygote is formed as a result of fertilization. ( )

Ans. True

(j) An embryo is made up of a single cell. ( )

Ans. False

Q5. Give two difference between a zygote and a fetus.

Ans. Zygote: It consists of a single cell. It is formed after the fertilization of gametes.

Fetus: It is the stage that identifies all the parts of the embryo. It consists of multiple cells.

Q6. Define asexual reproduction. Describe two methods of asexual reproduction in animals.

Ans. The type of reproduction in which only a single parent is involved is called asexual reproduction.

Two methods of asexual reproduction:

1. Budding: In this type of asexual reproduction, the individuals develop from the buds. Eg. Hydra.

2. Binary fission: In this type of reproduction, the nuclei of a cell divides into two nuclei followed their division into two more nuclei resulting in the formation of an individual with one nucleus. Eg. Amoeba

Q7. In which female reproductive organ does the embryo get embedded?

Ans. The embryo gets embbeded in the wall of the uterus of female for further development. 

Q8. What is metamorphosis? Give examples.

Ans. The transformation or change of larva into an adult through drastic changes is called metamorphosis. Eg. Frog, Insects

Q9. Differentiate between internal fertilization and external fertilization.

Ans. Internal Fertilization: It takes place inside the female body. It occurs in many animals including humans, cows, dogs, and hens.

External Fertilization: In this, the fertilization of gametes takes place outside the female body. It is very common in aquatic animals such as fish, starfish, frogs, etc.

Q10. Complete the crossword puzzle using the hints are given below

Across

1. The process of the fusion of the gametes. FERTILIZATION

6. The type of fertilization in the hen. INTERNAL

7. The term used for bulges observed on the sides of the body of Hydra. BUDS

8. Eggs are, produced here. OVERY

Down

2. Sperms are, produced in these male reproductive organs. TESTES

3. Another term for the fertilized egg. ZYGOTE

4. These animals lay eggs. OVIPAROUS

5. A type of fission in amoeba. BINARY

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